About.com Special Education

Whose Holiday Is It?

Sun, 22 Nov 2009 22:55:02 +0000

I didn't much of a response to my blog on Thanksgiving, though I was told I didn't understand the separation of church and state. Actually, I think I have a fairly nuanced understanding of appropriate separation. My real point was that we need to be teaching and understanding diversity not only in our immediate community, but more broadly in out national community.� You may not have any Africans living next door to you now, but the children you teach may work with Nigerians, may worship with El Salvadorans, may have Vietnamese as clients or patients.

I live on the east coast and work with a great many Liberians. Some are Muslim, and Islam is growing as a religious expression among African Americans in our greater community. How much do you know about Hajj? Ramadan? You may talk about Hanukkah, but did you know it is not a very important holiday in the Jewish calendar? In fact, for those of you who pooh-poohed my assertions about Thanksgiving, did you spend time discussing the most important holiday in Judaism? Yom Kippur? Did you have you children write what they needed to atone for? Certainly, that might make you think about the distinction between understanding the holiday and actual religious practice.

The� Southern Poverty Law Center, which has successfully sued white supremacist groups and pursued justice for minorities, has an excellent online resource, Teaching Tolerance. They lay out a full calendar of holidays from the many religious groups found in the United States.

I am a big believer in practicing what I preach. This year I realized that Eid al Adha, the Muslim festival that falls at the end of the Hajj, falls immediately after Thanksgiving. At this writing my Unit Plan for Teaching the Holidays of Three Faiths is nearing completion, and should be ready on November 24th. I will take a week each for a Muslim, Jewish and Christian holiday that falls between Thanksgiving and the New Year.� I invite you to use all or part of the resource I make available. I also am recommending the wonderful books of Patricia Polacco as part of my unit, but also to teach tolerance in your classrooms. I hope you will check them out.

Whose Holiday Is It? originally appeared on About.com Special Education on Sunday, November 22nd, 2009 at 22:55:02.

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Who Owns Your Lesson Plans?

Sun, 15 Nov 2009 21:49:35 +0000

Page one of Sunday's New York Times featured an article about how teachers are making money by selling their lesson plans.� The suggestion is that since the lesson plans were written while employed by a school, the school owns the lesson plans.

In the interest of full disclosure, About.com is a New York Times company and they indirectly own the contents of this blog.� But then, I signed a contract that made it clear that whatever I wrote that would be put on the web would be property of About.com, and then indirectly to the New York Times Company.

I have some lesson plans online which are free for your use. ( Thanksgiving,� Science )� I am not selling them to you.� But� I am being paid by About.com on the basis of how many of you open my pages and look at my contributions.�� As a teacher,� I've been stuck on a Thursday or a Monday needing something to zip up my lesson plans for the week.� I understand the lure of "free lesson plans" on the internet, even if it's only to re-prime my creativity.�� I know if I recycle plans that have been successful for me, they'll bring you to my material. You can expect to find lots and lots of free lesson plans here.

I believe that when I write a lesson plan, it belongs to me.� I am hired to teach children, not to write publishable material for the school district.� I am hired to write for About.com, and I am compensated based on how well I do at getting people to read my articles.

I also believe that teachers are professionals.� Schools don't always believe that, and certainly a great many business people, when they are on a school board, think of teachers as so many workers at a MacDonald's.� We are professionals.� Like all professionals, we own much of our own equipment.� We also own our work product, unless we are specifically paid for it.

There certainly are issues with how teachers are compensated.� The "chattering classes" like to take on issues of teacher quality and evaluation.� Job security, in many cases is the only appealing thing about teaching in many school districts.� New York City has chronic problems with finding quality teachers.� New York pays about what I made in another east coast metropolitan school district, and our cost of living is perhaps half of New York's.

Yes, I am happy to share my lesson plans with you.� But I'm also happy I can earn some extra money to supplement my meager salary at a state approved school.

Who Owns Your Lesson Plans? originally appeared on About.com Special Education on Sunday, November 15th, 2009 at 21:49:35.

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Is Thanksgiving a Religious or Civic Holiday?

Thu, 12 Nov 2009 22:40:29 +0000

Working in public schools, you quickly become aware of the fact that the separation of church and state has created problems with how we talk about and celebrate some holidays, especially Christmas, Thanksgiving and Easter.� We are clearly aware that Christmas and Easter are Christian Holidays, but we aren't so sure about Thanksgiving.

Ironically, Thanksgiving is the one holiday that we tend to treat as a quasi religious holiday.� We ask our kids to make lists of what they are thankful for.� We just don't state to whom or what we are supposed to be thankful.

As an ordained pastor, believe it or not, I find these exercises in mock religiosity rather offensive.� I don't particularly want a Baptist, a Mormon or a Muslim teaching my children how to pray.� They did quite well at my church, thank you.� I do want the Baptist, the Mormon and the Muslim talking about how they celebrate the holiday, and what it means to them.� I also want them to talk about how America welcomes people of different faiths.

There are people in our country who believe that the United States is a "Christian" Nation.� For those of us who are Christian, the fact that some of those people are also white supremacists is kind of scary.� The truth of the matter is that the most important framers of our constitution, Jefferson and Franklin, were Deists and not Christian at all.� They envisioned a country that was not Christian but was full of religious people.� It's probably the reason we still have such an active and vibrant religious life in America.

So, do us cranks a favor.� Teach about the Pilgrims' celebration.� Compare the ways your children celebrate Thanksgiving.� Honor the children whose families may not celebrate Thanksgiving.� But don't try to make your class a Sunday school class.

Is Thanksgiving a Religious or Civic Holiday? originally appeared on About.com Special Education on Thursday, November 12th, 2009 at 22:40:29.

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Got Choices?

Thu, 05 Nov 2009 21:39:08 +0000

Some of the kids in the residential school where I teach have incredible behaviors.� They will kick, scream, throw themselves on the floor, bang their heads into the wall or the floor, and rip their clothing off.� Why?� Anger and frustration.

I really believe some of them feel powerless.� They may have little speech or difficulty with speech.� They may have little ability to express what they want.� Daily they are pushed, prodded, poked with needles and have medication shoved into their mouths.

Who wouldn't be frustrated?� Who wouldn't want to just rage?

At the same time I was thinking about the success that one of my students has been experiencing.� I realized that part of his success was he was getting to make some choices.� He was beginning to find the means to communicate what he wanted. I realized that for each of my students, I need to be thinking about how I build some choice into each kid's programs.

It also made me think about the premium that too many schools, especially public schools, put on compliance, quiet, straight lines and following directions.� How many of the behaviors exhibited by special education students are a protest against being, in their own way, pushed, prodded and poked into place without any choice, any sense of power over their own situation.

What kind of choices are you giving your students?� It may be choosing a preferred activity instead of the sticker.� It may be choosing to work on coins before addition.� It may even be to take a break.� After all, we have to start somewhere helping our students make choices for themselves.� Even severely disabled students will need to choose the strawberry shampoo or the lavender shampoo to take back to their group home.� We need to keep in mind that real success for disabled students is not just good data on our data sheets, but helping them realize their potential for independent living in our communities.

Got Choices? originally appeared on About.com Special Education on Thursday, November 5th, 2009 at 21:39:08.

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Good Grief!

Sat, 31 Oct 2009 18:40:23 +0000

What do you do when a student dies?� I thought that question was moot, until I got a call at 5 a.m. telling me one of my kids died in an accident.� I just saw him the day before, happy and whole.� My first considerations were my own grief, and the grieving of my staff. Then it stuck me:� how do I help my class grieve?

Grief won't be strange to our kids. � We may imagine that our more severely disabled kids will be sheltered from grief, yet they might be the most likely to have a classmate or someone they know die. � Some disabled students students are also medically fragile, or their developmental differences make them more vulnerable to disease or accidents.� The fact that our students can't always express that grief doesn't make it less important to help them.� Perhaps the opposite is true. I remember when one of my autistic boys who went home each weekend lost a friend from his disabled Sunday School class. � He flipped out on his Mom on the ways home from church. � She believes it may have been a reaction to the loss. � I wonder if he would have done better if his Sunday School class would have spent time talking about it.

Too often we may ignore the needs of special education students to talk about the loss of a loved one or a friend. � When grandma or grandpa die, why pretend nothing happened? � If you can talk to your child lovingly and in a way that they can understand, and perhaps do an activity together that can help them process some of the really feelings, you will help them build resilience to deal with other losses.

To read more, visit Helping Special Ed Students with Grief.

Good Grief! originally appeared on About.com Special Education on Saturday, October 31st, 2009 at 18:40:23.

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Food Fight

Mon, 26 Oct 2009 22:20:46 +0000

Pulling the Food out From Under Disabled Children

First Lady� Michelle Obama is talking up nutrition as part of an effort to deal with the obesity epidemic hitting our children.� Certainly prevention is important for dealing with the ballooning cost of medical care.

There is growing pressure to be sure only healthy food makes its way past the lips of children in schools.� But the food Nazis may have gone a step or two further. School Dieticians and School Nurses are handing down new "Zero Tolerance" policies for calories.

Food is tough.� We have to eat food in order to live.� Food is also important to human social interactions.� We stop for a cup of coffee.� We gather as families around turkey and stuffing.� We celebrate birthdays with cake and ice cream.� Many children, especially children on the Autistic spectrum, have difficulty with social interactions and the traditions around food and eating are valuable props.

For children with more severe disabilities requiring hand over hand life skills training, or children with Autism, requiring massed trials, edible reinforcers can be the most powerful.� I don't think in most cases celery would work.

Learning disabled children need reinforcement that includes not only praise, prizes and rewards, but they also enjoy earning or winning lunch with the teacher.� No cake?� No soda?� Nothing special as a treat?

I certainly don't disagree that many families have adopted eating and feeding habits that are less than healthy.� I do wonder that the school dieticians and school nurses feel they are the appropriate people to remedy that single-handedly.� I was once formally reprimanded for ignoring the school "healthy food policy" for buying soda for my monthly "lunch with the learning support teacher" for children that earned 90 percent of their points.� They need to feel special, they need to feel that lunch was a treat.

I currently have a couple of children who will work for long periods� of massed trials for Skittles.� If they had been taught with massed trials when they were younger, I would use points, praise and privileges.� It has been a very effective way to meet IEP goals--goals which they have repeated over and over without much success, but are doing well with ABA.� Because of tightening "Healthy Food" requirements at my school, I will have to be sure that edible reinforcement is in their BIPS.

We need to find middle ground that permits special ed teachers to use every tool that is successful with children with disabilities. Can we talk? Can't we all get along?

What do you think?

Food Fight originally appeared on About.com Special Education on Monday, October 26th, 2009 at 22:20:46.

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Is It an Autism Epidemic?

Wed, 14 Oct 2009 22:29:21 +0000

Secretary of Health and Human Services Kathleen Sibelius revealed to the autism community that a pending report from the Centers from Disease Control sets the new prevalence of Autism at one in 100. Another report reviewed by the journal Pediatrics based on telephone interviews places the prevalence even higher, at one in 91.

The discussion now is whether there is really a surge in cases, or whether there is better reporting and a broader definition.

Both reports seem to indicate one thing: there are more cases of young children with Autism Spectrum Disorders than previously believed. Until these new numbers were released, the estimate was one for every 151 children.

The number will have some serious impacts on the profession of special education, on delivery of services to adults with intellectual and emotional disabilities, transition services, medical and independent living for this growing cohort of Americans with autism.

Is It an Autism Epidemic? originally appeared on About.com Special Education on Wednesday, October 14th, 2009 at 22:29:21.

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Zero Tolerance Gone Wild?

Wed, 14 Oct 2009 21:56:04 +0000

October 13 the Christina School District of Delaware, aching from more than two weeks of derision on the part of the national press (check out the Today Show,) decided to cut first grader Zach Christie some slack.

On September 29 Zachary brought a lovely Swiss dining kit to school to eat his lunch. Hey, any former Cub Scouts out there? I remember how excited my boys were with all things camping and outdoorsy. By the time the school district was done, the school board was recommending Zachary attend a special school for problem behaviors for 45 day. The district changed its policy last night to permit principals to use their own discretion concerning individual cases. Well, duh . . .

Obviously, it's policy gone crazy. Zachary is obviously a lovely kid (check out Help Zachary) with parents who are committed and involved.

I remember well watching the news footage of Columbine in April, 1999 with my two boys, Zach and Nate, when they were 9 and 7 respectively. We spent a lot of time talking about how angry the two boys were and how they should have found someone to talk about how angry they were, instead of killing their friends. It became a really productive time for us to talk about violence and anger at school. We did talk, and a lot.

Little did I know that Zachary would get clobbered by Zero Tolerance. In fifth grade he took a large jack knife that had been his grandfather's (who had died two years earlier) on a school camping trip. Camping, get it? Jack knife, get it? He was suspended for a week, but threatened with expulsion and juvenile detention. We did accept the punishment, but as I look back at it, I should have insisted that Zach have a 504 plan, as it is now obvious that the impulsivity that came with his ADD was a problem.

A lot of the kids we special education teachers work with struggle with both ADD and the accompanying impulsivity. They just don't think! How do we advocate for our kids when they make bad choices? How do we keep childish antics from being criminalized?

So, what do you think?

Zero Tolerance Gone Wild? originally appeared on About.com Special Education on Wednesday, October 14th, 2009 at 21:56:04.

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Is Inclusion Here to Stay?

Fri, 11 Sep 2009 19:09:02 +0000

As classroom assignments are being made, a lot of general education teachers are finding children with disabilities on their rolls. Some teachers have seen the way special education services have been delivered change over the years, from self contained, to pull out, to mainstreaming, to inclusion.

More than a few teachers see inclusion as a way districts try to cut costs by dumping children with learning disabilities in their classrooms.

Many general education teachers feel completely unprepared to deal with the behavioral and academic challenges that come with these students.

Many special education teachers find that in the push in model, they are running from classroom to classroom with inadequate time with individual children, and they still get blamed by the general education teacher for behavioral problems that spring from the pressure they feel to perform.

Inclusion works when administrators are dedicated and provide the resources and support teachers need to help children succeed. Whether in the push-in model or the co-teaching model, the administrator has to be sure that the general educator and special educator have had some say in the placement, whether the two are encouraged (with extra planning time and resources) to work out personal and professional differences as well as build a collaborative partnership to deliver instruction.

Please share:

Your feelings about inclusion.
The inclusion practice in your state.
How inclusion has impacted your child/ren, both general education and special education.

Is Inclusion Here to Stay? originally appeared on About.com Special Education on Friday, September 11th, 2009 at 19:09:02.

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The Golden Rule of IEPs

Fri, 11 Sep 2009 18:16:12 +0000

This time of year, you can't but stop and reconsider what you put in last year's IEPs. In most cases, someone else has inherited your case load, and they're trying to figure out what in the world you were doing. I know as I look at other people's paperwork, that's what I'm wondering.

So, I figure the Golden Rule of IEPs must be "Write IEPs unto others as you would have others write IEPs for you." Forget the flourishes, the fancy-smancy verbiage and try to make those IEP goals clear, simple and measurable. I found the best way to write an IEP goal is to write the data collection sheets at the same time. If I can't figure out what the procedure is going to be, I'm going to deep six that baby! Start over!

I recently worked with a younger colleague creating IEP goals and pulled up some suggested goals from one of our neighboring state's special ed sites. The goal starts "Given a question pertaining to her daily activities that requires a few tasks for each period . . . " What? The purpose of the goal is for the student to create a picture schedule for her day with picture symbols. Makes you wonder how many Masters of Education it takes to screw in a lightbulb.

So be kind to your colleagues, okay?

The Golden Rule of IEPs originally appeared on About.com Special Education on Friday, September 11th, 2009 at 18:16:12.

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